Abstract

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and characteristics of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring in patients with metabolic syndrome and evaluate the relationship between risk factors and blood pressure changes in these patients. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to August 2023 at 199 Hospital. A total of 60 patients with metabolic syndrome was assessed. Selected patients underwent clinical and paraclinical examinations, as well as 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. The basic characteristics were summarised using appropriate summary measurements. Results were recorded and evaluated after the monitoring period. Results: The highest prevalence of metabolic disorders was found in the age group of 46-64 years, accounting for 53.3%. Most patients had systolic and diastolic blood pressures consistently above the normal threshold throughout the day and night, for a duration of 24 hours. A significant proportion of patients (51.7%) did not exhibit a dip in blood pressure. The highest rate (35%) was observed among patients with blood pressure overload exceeding 75%. Furthermore, 30% of patients experienced a morning surge in blood pressure, while 33.3% had increased arterial pressure according to blood pressure holter readings. A positive correlation (p < 0.5) was found between BMI, waist circumference, blood glucose, triglycerides, and 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Additionally, there was a positive correlation (p < 0.5) between cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure overload, as well as between triglycerides and systolic blood pressure overload. Overweight and obesity were associated with the phenomenon of morning blood pressure surges (p < 0.05). Similarly, overweight and obesity were linked to increased arterial pressure (p < 0.05) and the loss of the dip phenomenon. Conclusion: There is a correlation between risk factors and blood pressure changes in patients with metabolic syndrome.