Abstract

               Background: Bronchial asthma is a global health problem. The mortality rate due to asthma also tends to increase. Effective treatment to reduce serious asthma complications is important, and therefore, assessment of asthma control is essential in assessment and treatment guidelines. Currently, there are many methods of assessing asthma control, in which assessment according to GINA guidelines is simple and effective, easy to implement in clinical practice. Objectives: To describe clinical characteristics in adult asthmatic patients and evaluate asthma control in adults according to GINA 2020 guidelines at Da Nang Family General Hospital. Methods: A prospective crosssectional descriptive study on 54 patients treated according to the GINA 2020 protocol, all patients receiving ICS/LABA prophylaxis with follow-up 3-6 months, assessed asthma control and treatment effectiveness, exacerbation risk. Results: The average age is: 44.59 ± 15.76, female percentage 64%, male percentage 36%. Asthma step 3: 68.5%, asthma step 4: 22.2%, asthma step 2: 7.4%, step 5: 1.9%, no asthma step 1. Shortness of breath: 92.6%, heaviness/ chest tightness: 81.5%, cough: 96.3%, sputum production: 96.3%, sibilus 42.6%, rhonchal 29.6%. Average index FEV1, PEF, FEV1/ FVC are: 72.81 ± 19.23, 64.75 ± 20.78, 69.19 ± 11.23, FEV1< 60% accounted for 25.9% , PEF < 60% accounted for 46.3%. Based on GINA guidelines on asthma control: 75.9% of patients had well-controlled asthma, 20,4% partly controlled asthma . Asthma control according to ACT: well controlled: 44.4%, partially controlled: 51.9%. Risk of exacerbations included: incorrect inhaler technique and/or poor adherence was 37%, low FEV1 (FEV1 < 60%) was 25.9%, overweight and obesity 24.07%, history of ≥ 1 severe exacerbation in last 12 months 22.2%, blood eosinophils 16.7%, smoking 5.56%. Conclusion: There is a clear effect when applying GINA guidelines to asthma control treatment for patients. The use of the GINA and ACT questionnaires should be widely used in the assessment of asthma control in patients in clinical practice. More attention should be paid to factors that may trigger future exacerbations.