Abstract
Background: RDW (Red blood cell Distribution Width), a hematologic index, is a quantative measure of the range in the volume and size of red blood cells. Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients has been indicated to promote formation of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), reduce deformability of red blood cells and increase their osmotic fragility and enhance adhesiveness, leading to the shortened life span of red blood cells. Objectives: To evaluate the association between RDW, MCV, MCHC parameters and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 107 type 2 diabetic patients on treatment at Tien Giang General hospital from April to August 2019. Gender, age, complete blood count, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), cholesterol and triglyceride data were collected at Laboratory department of Tien Giang General hospital. According to HbA1C values, type 2 diabetic patients were divided into two groups in which group I with n = 51 (HbA1C ≤ 6.5-6.9%) and n = 56 of group II (HbA1C ≥7.0%). Results: RDW of groups I and II were 13.32 and 13.95. MCHC of groups I and II were 32.21 and 32.84 indicating that RDW and MCHC were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients without good glycemic control (HbA1C ≥ 7.0%) compared to individuals with good control of HbA1C (6.5 - 6.9 %). Analysis of the correlation between blood glucose concentration and MCHC, RDW showed a significant correlation between these parameters. Similarly, HbA1C and MCHC presented significant correlation as well. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with good glycemic control does not have effect on MCHC and RDW. Good glycemic control is associated with lower RDW and MHC values than in patients with poor control. Therefore, RDW and MCHC can be used as a prognostic marker to assist in monitoring blood glucose control in type 2 diabetics.