Abstract
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a group of disorders in which aldosterone production is inappropriately high for sodium status, relatively autonomous of the major regulators of secretion (angiotensin II, plasma potassium concentration), and nonsuppressible by sodium loading. Conn syndrome in > 5% of hypertensive patients, causes cardiovascular damage. Aims: to comment on the clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with PA. Methods: The study describes cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective studies, patients diagnosed with PA from November 2018 to August 2020 at Bach Mai hospital. Retrospective patients lacking information were excluded. Results: In clinical features, women 82.4%, men 17.6%, age 45.79 ±12.71 years, 17.65% of patients have had cardiovascular events, 100% of hypertensive patients with the number of antihypertensive drugs per day before surgery is 2.32 types, pre-diagnostic HTN duration 70,647 months, baseline systolic/diastolic BP 186.62
±16.31/100.59 ±12.3 mmHg, pre-operative systolic/diastolic BP 131.91 ±13.65 /82.65 ±
8.81 mmHg. The symptoms of hypokalemia: muscle fatigue 61.8%, nocturia 58.8%, weakness or paralysis of limbs 59.9%, paresthesia 41.2%, cramps 29.4%. In subclinical terms: aldosterone concentration 44.68 ±29.6 ng/dl, renin 2.39 ±0.9 µUI/ml, hypokalemia 97.1%, metabolic alkalosis 75%, 30.3% of patients with proteinuria, 32.35% of patients with left ventricular thickening, atrial fibrillation 5.9%. On tumor image: the left side is more than 61.8%, the average tumor diameter is 17.92 ± 5.57 mm, all tumors are not malignant. Conclusion: Hypertension is a resolute manifestation of PA, hypokalaemia, and metabolic alkalosis accounting for a variable proportion of studies. The disease causes high cardiovascular events. PA has a high benign rate.